Project Title: Off-Station spring wheat variety performance trials in Central Montana –
CARC
Project Leader: Jed Eberly Assistant Professor
Project Personnel: Luther Talbert MAES spring wheat breeder, Bozeman
Hwa-young Heo MAES Res. Assoc. spring wheat breeder, Bozeman
Eva Magnuson Research Associate, CARC Moccasin
Jenni Hammontree Research Assistant, CARC Moccasin
Cooperators: Chuck Davis Geraldine
Andy and Ron Long Highwood
Richard Barber Denton
Objectives:
Identify top performing spring wheat cultivars in central Montana.
Methods:
Spring wheat variety performance trials were conducted on chemical fallow or minimal tillage
during 2018 at Moccasin, Geraldine, Denton, and Highwood. Trials consisted of both named
varieties of spring wheat and additional experimental lines. Each variety was seeded in three 5
row, 5 x 16-foot plots in a randomized experimental design. Starter fertilizer, 20-30-20-10 NPKS,
was applied at seeding at a rate of 50 lb/ac. Broadleaf and grass weeds were controlled with a
burndown of glyphosate at 1.25 pt/ac prior to planting. Seeding dates were April 17 at Moccasin,
April 19, at Highwood, and May 4 at Denton. All plots were trimmed to a harvest length of
approximately 12 feet and harvested with a small plot combine. Plots were harvested on August
9 at Moccasin, August 16 at Denton, and August 22 at Highwood.
Results:
Above-average precipitation (132% of 109-yr average) and cooler-than-average temperatures
(0.7°F below 107-yr average) characterized the 2018 crop year at the Central Ag Research Center
(CARC), leading to strong yields for both winter and spring crops. Winter crops took advantage
of above-average precipitation from October through March (167%), while both winter and spring
crops benefited from higher-than-average growing degree days (124%) and precipitation (146%)
in the month of May. The last recorded temperature below 32°F was observed on 2 May (25 days
earlier than the long-term average) while the first recorded temperature below 32°F in fall was
observed 28 August (10 days earlier than the long-term average), equating to a frost-free period
of 118 days, or 105% of the 107-yr average.
Table 2 shows the average height, yield, test weight, and protein for all named varieties tested at
the Moccasin location. The average yield for the spring wheat trial at Moccasin in 2018 was 44.5
bu/ac and average protein was 10.1%. Differences in grain yield were not significant across the
varieties (P> 0.05). The top variety for protein was Camaro at 12.6%. The highest test weight was
a new variety for 2018, Vitpro at 63.9 lb/bu. The average heading date was 27 June with the
earliest varieties heading on 25 June and the average height for all spring wheat varieties at
Moccasin was 27.9 inches. Gross returns were calculated based on prices and protein premiums
and discounts obtained from United Grain Corporation on 6 September 2018. The Gross return
average at Moccasin was $190.66/ac. Note that this calculated return does not consider any
expenses but does account for dockage and premiums associated with the test weight and
protein. No lodging was observed with any of the varieties.
Average yield for all varieties at Denton was 29.1 bu/ac (Table 3). No statistically significant
difference in yield was observed between the varieties based on the C.V. value. Protein had not
yet been measured when preparing this report and thus protein and gross returns are not
reported. Average test weight was 62.3 lb/bu and differences in test weights were not significant
among any of the varieties.
Average yield for all varieties at Geraldine was 71.2 bu/ac (Table 4) and differences were not
statistically significant among the top eight varieties. Average protein was 10.9% across all
varieties. Average test weight was 63.6 lb/bu and the highest test weights were Vitpro 65.6 (lb/bu),
Camaro 65.1 (lb/bu), and SY Soren 65.0 (lb/bu). Gross return average for Geraldine was
$304.69/ac.
Average yield for all varieties at Highwood was 34.9 bu/ac (Table 5). No statistically significant
difference was observed between varieties (C.V > 15%). Proteins had not yet been measured as
of the time of this report. Average test weight was 59.7 lb/bu and differences were not significant
among varieties.
Summary:
While July and August, experienced lower rainfall than average, above average rainfall in May
and June led to better than average yields at many of the test locations. Agronomic performance
was evaluated for 24 spring wheat varieties and experimental lines. Average yield for all spring
wheat trials was 44.5 bu/ac at Moccasin, 71.2 bu/ac at Geraldine, 29.1 bu/ac at Denton, and 38.8
bu/ac at Highwood.
Table 1: Observed air temperature, growing degree days, and precipitation summarized by month with long-term averages and
anomalies (Δ), 2018 crop year.
MONTH
- - AIR TEMPERATURE - -
- -GROWING DEGREE DAYS- -
- - PRECIPITATION - -
1912-2018 2018 Δ 1912-2018 2018 Δ 1910-2018 2018 Δ
----------------(°F)---------------
----------------(GDD
32
)-------------
-------------(in)-------------
September
54.9
55.9
1
694.9
719
24.1
1.4
2.6
1.2
October
44.9
43.1
-1.8
458.8
414.5
-44.3
0.9
0.6
-0.3
November
32.9
32.5
-0.4
227
214.5
-12.5
0.6
1.2
0.6
December
24.9
23.1
-1.8
136.3
137.5
1.2
0.5
0.9
0.4
January
21.8
25.2
3.4
119
127.8
8.8
0.5
0.3
-0.3
February
24.7
13
-11.7
123.6
23
-100.6
0.5
1.8
1.4
March
30.6
31.8
1.2
195.5
151
-44.5
0.7
1.5
0.8
April
40.8
37.2
-3.6
343.7
285.5
-58.2
1.2
1.2
0
May
50.2
55
4.8
575.7
715
139.3
2.6
3.8
1.2
June
57.9
58.5
0.6
776.7
796
19.3
3.1
4.5
1.4
July
66
65.5
-0.5
1050.4
1039.5
-10.9
1.6
1.1
-0.5
August
65
65.6
0.6
1019
1034.5
15.5
1.6
0.8
-0.8
Avg/Tot
42.90
42.20
-0.7
5720.60
5657.80
-62.80
15.30
20.30
5.00
Table 2: Spring wheat variety trial at Moccasin, MT.
CULTIVAR
YEAR OF
SOURCE
HEADING
HEIGHT
TEST
PROTEIN
GROSS
- - - - -GRAIN YIELD - - - - -
RELEASE
DATE
WT
RETURN
2016
2017
2018
AVG
(jul)
(in)
(lb/bu)
(%)
($/ac)
--------------(bu/ac)--------------
ALUM
2014
WSU
180
27.0
63.3
9.2
217.05
37.5
29.6
48.3
38.5
Barracuda
Meridian Seeds
177
26.0
61.8
10.1
186.97
43.7
43.7
BRENNAN
2009
Syngenta/AgriPro
178
25.7
63.2
11.6
173.14
31.1
35.2
39.2
35.2
Camaro
Meridian Seeds
178
25.7
62.7
12.6
162.12
33.4
35.8
34.6
Cheville
Meridian Seeds
178
27.3
62.3
9.5
220.48
33.8
49.1
41.5
CHOTEAU
2003
MAES
178
26.3
62.2
10.4
184.33
35.9
28.3
43.1
34.2
CORBIN
2006
Westbred, LLC
179
28.0
62.6
10.2
196.85
30.3
31.1
46.0
37.7
DUCLAIR
2011
MAES
178
27.7
62.0
9.8
227.91
35.4
32.1
50.8
37.7
EGAN
2013
Westbred, LLC
180
28.7
61.6
11.0
189.39
37.4
32.5
43.5
37.1
FORTUNA
1966
MAES/NDSU
179
35.3
61.7
10.0
181.66
35.1
39.5
40.5
39.1
LANNING
2016
MAES
178
26.3
62.2
9.4
193.20
33.8
43.0
37.3
LCS Pro
2015
LIMAGR
178
29.7
61.8
9.3
191.77
30.1
42.7
36.4
NS PRESSER CLP
2016
MAES
183
28.7
61.0
8.9
227.65
32.1
50.7
41.4
ONEAL
2008
Westbred, LLC
180
27.3
62.7
9.2
187.17
33.1
32.1
41.7
35.6
REEDER
1999
NDSU
180
28.3
62.6
9.8
216.47
36.3
33
48.2
39.2
SY INGMAR
2015
Syngenta/AgriPro
178
27.7
63.3
10.4
174.01
33.7
40.7
37.2
SY SOREN
2011
Syngenta/AgriPro
179
26.7
63.0
10.6
194.51
32.4
31.2
45.4
36.3
VIDA
2005
MAES
180
28.3
61.9
8.9
224.63
33.5
31.1
50.0
38.2
VITPRO
2017
NDSU
177
29.7
63.9
10.6
189.83
44.4
44.4
WB GUNNISON
2011
Westbred, LLC
178
28.7
62.7
9.8
215.34
33.2
32.7
48.0
38.0
Mean
179
27.9
62.4
10.1
190.66
33.9
32.0
44.5
CV%
0.7
4.4
0.4
3.1
51.0
14.5
8.4
11.4
LSD
2
2
0.4
0.5
37.3
8.1
N.S.
N.S.
P-Value
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.26
0.3672
0.057
Bold= top performer(s)
Bold = statistically equivalent to top performer(s)
Fisher's protected LSD not significant when CV% > 15 (YIELD only) and/or P
-Value > 0.05
Table 3: Spring wheat variety trial at Denton, MT.
CULTIVAR
YEAR OF
SOURCE
HEIGHT
TEST
- - - - - - GRAIN YIELD - - - - - -
RELEASE
WT
2017
2018
AVG
(in)
(lb/bu)
--------------- (bu/ac) ---------------
ALUM
2014
WSU
29
63.4
18.2
34.1
26.1
Barracuda
Meridian Seeds
27.3
62.8
29.6
29.6
BRENNAN
2009
Syngenta/AgriPro
27.3
63.6
20.5
26.8
23.6
Camaro
Meridian Seeds
27
63.7
26
26.3
26.1
Cheville
Meridian Seeds
27.7
63
35.8
34.9
35.4
CHOTEAU
2003
MAES
27.7
63.2
20.1
28.3
24.2
CORBIN
2006
Westbred, LLC
28.3
63.1
18.2
29.7
23.9
DUCLAIR
2011
MAES
29
62.7
21.8
29.5
25.6
EGAN
2013
Westbred, LLC
28.7
62.5
18.6
25.4
22
FORTUNA
1966
MAES/NDSU
34.7
62
16.9
29.7
23.3
LANNING
2016
MAES
29.3
62.7
21.5
29.6
25.6
LCS Pro
2015
LIMAGR
30.3
62.8
19
30.6
24.8
NS PRESSER CLP
2016
MAES
29
62.3
16.6
29.7
23.1
ONEAL
2008
Westbred, LLC
29.7
63
19.6
31.9
25.8
REEDER
1999
NDSU
28.7
63.4
17.2
27.8
22.5
SY INGMAR
2015
Syngenta/AgriPro
29
42.8
16.1
18.1
17.1
SY SOREN
2011
Syngenta/AgriPro
27.7
63.8
17.5
27.9
22.7
VIDA
2005
MAES
30
63
19.8
31.5
25.6
VITPRO
2017
NDSU
30.3
64.8
27.6
27.6
WB GUNNISON
2011
Westbred, LLC
28.7
63.1
19.3
30.5
24.9
Mean
28.9
62.3
20
29.1
CV%
3.1
12.3
15.2
14.6
LSD
1.5
12.6
N.S.
N.S.
P-Value
<0.0001
N.S.
<0.0001
0.05
Bold
= top performer(s)
Bold = statistically equivalent to top performer(s)
Fisher's protected LSD not significant when CV% > 15 (YIELD only) and/or P-Value > 0.05
Table 4: Spring wheat variety trial at Geraldine, MT.
CULTIVAR
YEAR OF
SOURCE
HEIGHT
TEST
PROTEIN
GROSS
- - - - - - GRAIN YIELD - - - - -
RELEASE
WT
RETURN
2016
2018
AVG
(in)
(lb/bu)
(%)
($/ac)
--------------- (bu/ac) --------------
ALUM
2014
WSU
34.3
64.1
9.4
301.86
42.0
67.2
54.6
Barracuda
Meridian Seeds
32.3
64.4
10.5
299.70
70.0
70.0
BRENNAN
2009
Syngenta/AgriPro
32.0
64.6
11.9
296.27
35.6
67.0
51.3
Camaro
Meridian Seeds
33.0
65.1
11.5
277.51
62.8
62.8
Cheville
Meridian Seeds
34.3
64.5
9.7
356.91
79.5
79.5
CHOTEAU
2003
MAES
34.0
64.1
11.2
344.08
39.9
79.1
59.5
CORBIN
2006
Westbred, LLC
33.7
63.1
11.2
334.03
36.9
76.8
56.8
DUCLAIR
2011
MAES
35.0
63.7
10.1
302.03
41.2
70.6
55.9
EGAN
2013
Westbred, LLC
36.0
63.1
12.6
308.40
40.8
68.1
54.4
FORTUNA
1966
MAES/NDSU
42.7
63.9
10.7
253.16
34.4
59.1
46.8
LANNING
2016
MAES
34.0
62.4
10.4
302.05
70.6
70.6
LCS Pro
2015
LIMAGR
36.7
63.6
10.8
313.25
73.2
73.2
NS PRESSER
2016
MAES
36.0
60.4
10.6
310.96
72.7
72.7
ONEAL
2008
Westbred, LLC
36.0
61.0
11.3
304.57
36.0
70.0
53.0
REEDER
1999
NDSU
37.0
62.9
10.6
304.96
38.6
71.3
54.9
SY INGMAR
2015
Syngenta/AgriPro
32.7
64.6
12.2
303.27
67.2
67.2
SY SOREN
2011
Syngenta/AgriPro
31.3
65.0
11.4
321.63
36.0
73.9
55.0
VIDA
2005
MAES
36.0
62.4
10.6
350.76
37.4
82.0
59.7
VITPRO
2017
NDSU
35.7
65.6
11.1
264.05
60.7
60.7
WB GUNNISON
2011
Westbred, LLC
32.3
61.8
11.3
311.37
34.9
71.6
53.2
Mean
34.7
63.6
10.9
304.69
35.2
71.2
CV%
3.4
0.7
7.8
40.4
9.9
9.0
LSD
1.9
0.7
1.4
47.3
5.7
10.5
P-Value
<0.001
<0.001
0.004
0.0200
0.005
Bold = top performer(s)
Bold = statistically equivalent to top performer(s)
Fisher's protected LSD not significant when CV% > 15 (YIELD only) and/or P
-Value > 0.05
Table 5: Spring wheat variety trial at Highwood MT
CULTIVAR
YEAR OF
SOURCE
HEIGHT
TEST
- - - - - - GRAIN YIELD - - - - - -
RELEASE
WT
2016
2017
2018
AVG
(in)
(lb/bu)
--------------- (bu/ac) ---------------
ALUM
2014
WSU
9.0
59.4
46.4
37.7
39.7
41.3
Barracuda
Meridian Seeds
10.2
60.1
-
35.2
35.2
BRENNAN
2009
Syngenta/AgriPro
12.1
59.7
27.6
27.6
32.9
29.4
Camaro
Meridian Seeds
10.9
59.7
17.1
28.7
22.9
Cheville
Meridian Seeds
9.6
59.4
18.6
35.4
27.0
CHOTEAU
2003
MAES
10.7
60.0
35.1
37.7
39.8
37.5
CORBIN
2006
Westbred, LLC
10.9
60.6
35.0
28.6
37.2
33.6
DUCLAIR
2011
MAES
10.8
60.8
37.2
32.0
35.1
34.8
EGAN
2013
Westbred, LLC
10.8
59.2
42.2
37.5
39.9
39.9
FORTUNA
1966
MAES/NDSU
10.7
60.6
28.7
30.1
35.0
31.3
LANNING
2016
MAES
10.2
61.2
40.3
37.0
38.6
LCS Pro
2015
LIMAGR
10.5
60.4
31.2
42.1
36.6
NS PRESSER
2016
MAES
10.8
58.8
34.7
40.8
37.7
ONEAL
2008
Westbred, LLC
10.0
58.9
30.4
38.9
37.0
35.4
REEDER
1999
NDSU
10.9
59.9
37.8
37.0
44.7
39.8
SY INGMAR
2015
Syngenta/AgriPro
10.7
60.3
37.8
44.8
41.3
SY SOREN
2011
Syngenta/AgriPro
10.7
56.6
29.3
34.2
24.3
29.3
VIDA
2005
MAES
11.0
59.2
33.9
34.9
36.7
35.2
VITPRO
2017
NDSU
11.0
59.2
-
23.9
23.9
WB GUNNISON
2011
Westbred, LLC
11.3
60.7
29.5
29.7
25.7
28.3
Mean
10.7
59.7
32.4
32.5
34.9
CV%
12.7
2.6
9.31
13.1
24.0
LSD
N.S.
N.S.
4.94
7.0
N.S.
P-Value
0.979
0.4
<0.0001
0.058
Bold = top performer(s)
Bold = statistically equivalent to top performer(s)
Fisher's protected LSD not significant when CV% > 15 (YIELD only) and/or P
-Value > 0.05
